Tithonian

Tithonian, geç Jurassic çağının son bölümüdür. Bu çağ, MÖ 150,8 milyon (±-4) ile 145,5 milyon (±-4) arasını kapsar. (5 milyon yıl kadar sürmüştür.) Bu çağ Berriasian çağının devamıdır.


Palaeontoloji

†Ankylosaurs
Tithonian'ın Ankylosauria
Taksonlar Presence Location Description Resimler
  • Gargoyleosaurus
 Morrison Formation, Wyoming, ABD The smallest and the earliest well-known ankylosaur. Its skull measures only 29 cm in length, and its total body length is an estimated three to four meters.
Gargoyleosaurus skeleton
  • Mymoorapelta
  • Mymoorapelta maysi
 Morrison Formation, Kolorado, ABD A poorly known early ankylosaurian.

Theropoda
Tithonian'ın Theropoda
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
Morrison Formation, ABD The most common and most highly studied theropod dinosaur.
Allosaurus
Solnhofen, Almanya The late Jurassic is notable for the first appearance in the fossil record of birds, in the form of Archaeopteryx, found in limestone quarries in Germany.
Morrison Formation, ABD Fossils are less common than those of Allosaurus.
Solnhofen, Almanya Found near Archaeopteryx fossils.
Port Waikato, Yeni Zelanda Only known Tithonian dinosaur in Yeni Zelanda.
It is believed that this creature was similar to Compsognathus longipes, shown here.

†Basal Ornithischia
Tithonian'ın Basal Ornithischia
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Fruitadens
 Fruita, Kolorado, ABD Fruitadens was a heterodontosaurid and the smallest known ornithischian dinosaur, weighing less than 2 pound (0,91 kg) and measuring a little over 2 fit (0,61 m) in length. It is also one of the latest surviving heterodontosaurids known.

†Ceratopsia
Tithonian'ın Ceratopsia
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Chaoyangsaurus
 ? Chaoyang area, Liaoning, Çin One of the earliest ceratopsians
Chaoyangsaurus
  • Xuanhuaceratops
 Hebei, Çin A member of the family Chaoyangsauridae, it was one of the earliest ceratopsians

†Ornithopoda
Tithonian'ın Ornithopoda
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
Kimmeridgian to ?Berriasian Wyoming, USA; England; France Camptosaurus could be more than 7.9 meters long (26 ft), and 2.0 meters tall (6.7 ft) at the hips. They had heavy bodies but, as well as walking on four legs (quadrupedal), could also rear up to walk on two legs (bipedal). This genus is probably closely related to the ancestor of the later iguanodontid and hadrosaurid dinosaurs. It probably ate cycads with its beak.
Othnielosaurus
Lourinhã, Portekiz A camptosaurid iguanodont
  • Drinker
  • Othnielia
  • Othnielosaurus

†Plesiosauria
Tithonian'ın Plesiosaura
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Simolestes indicus
Simolestes

†Pterosauria
Tithonian'ın Pterosauria
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Rhamphorhynchus muensteri
 Solnhofen, Almanya
Pterodactylus antiquus, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pensilvanya, ABD.
  • Anurognathus ammoni
 Solnhofen, Almanya Short head with pin-like teeth, short tail but from a normally long tailed group "Rhamphorhynchoidea"
  • Pterodactylus antiquus
 Solnhofen, Almanya
  • Ctenochasma
 Solnhofen, Almanya
  • Comodactylus ostromi
 Morrison Formation, Wyoming, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Known only from an intact fourth metacarpal, 57.5 millimetres long
  • Cycnorhamphus suevicus
 Solnhofen, Almanya
  • Dermodactylus montanus
 Morrison Formation, Wyoming, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
  • Germanodactylus
 Solnhofen, Germany
  • Gnathosaurus subulatus
 Solnhofen, Germany
  • Herbstosaurus pigmaeus
 Neuquén, Argentina

†Stegosaurs
Tithonian'ın Stegosauridae
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
Kimmeridgian to Early Tithonian Morrison Formation, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, USA Averaging around 9 metres (30 ft) long and 4 metres (14 ft) tall, the quadrupedal Stegosaurus is one of the most easily identifiable dinosaurs, due to the distinctive double row of kite-shaped plates rising vertically along its arched back and the two pairs of long spikes extending horizontally near the end of its tail.
Stegosaurus

†Sauropoda
Tithonian'ın Sauropoda
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
Apatosaurus
Diplodocus
Mamenchisaurus
Utah, Kolorado, Wyoming ve Montana, Morrison Formation, ABD

†Thalattosuchians (tarihöncesi timsahlar)
Tithonian'ın Thalattosuchians
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Dakosaurus
  1. Dakosaurus maximus
  2. Dakosaurus andiniensis

A large genus of metriorhynchid, that was a high order predator which fed on other marine reptiles

  1. The type species from Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian).
  2. Arjantin of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Early Tithonian), knicknamed "Godzilla".
Dakosaurus, a marine crocodilian.
Geosaurus, a marine crocodilian.
Metriorhynchus, a marine crocodilian.
  • Geosaurus
  1. G. giganteus
  2. G. gracilis
  3. G. suevicus:
  4. G. saltillense:
  5. G. vignaudi:
  6. G. araucanensis:
  1. Western Europe
  2. Western Europe
  3. Western Europe
  4. Mexico
  5. Mexico
  6. Argentina

A relatively small metriorhynchid genus. No known species of Geosaurus attained lengths in excess of 3 meters (10 feet). There were multiple Geosaurus species alive during the Tithonian.

  1. The type species from Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian).
  2. Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian). Was originally the type species of the genus Rhacheosaurus.
  3. Western Europe of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian)
  4. Mexico of the Late Jurassic (Early Tithonian)
  5. Mexico of the Late Jurassic (Middle Tithonian)
  6. Arjantin of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Early Tithonian)
  • Machimosaurus
  • Metriorhynchus
M. potens
 An opportunistic carnivore that fed on fish, belemnites and other marine animals and possible carrion. Metriorhynchus grew to an average adult length of 3 meters (9.6 feet).
  • Steneosaurus

†Belemnitler (tarihöncesi kafadan bacaklılar)
Tithonian'ın Belemnite
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
  • Produvalia
Small belemnite fossils

Etimoloji

İsim, jeolojik isimlerde pek kullanılmayan Yunan mitolojisinden türetilmiştir. Tithonus(Yunanca Τιθωνός)(de•en), Truvalı Laomedonu'nun oğluydu.

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