Kuzey Ligi

Padania'nın Bağımsızlığı için Kuzey Birliği (İtalyanca: Lega Nord per l'Indipendenza della Padania), kısaca Kuzey Ligi ya da Kuzey Birliği (İtalyanca: Lega Nord) İtalya'da federalist ve bölgeselci siyasi partidir.

Kuzey Birliği
Lega Nord
Kısaltma LN
Federal Sekreter Matteo Salvini
Federal Başkan Umberto Bossi
Kuruluş tarihi 4 Aralık 1989
Üyelik  (2012) 122,000[1]
İdeoloji Mevcut:
Tarihi, mevcut azınlık:
Resmî renkleri      Yeşil      Mavi
Temsilciler Meclisi
123 / 630
Cumhuriyet Senatosu
58 / 315
Avrupa Parlamentosu
28 / 76
İnternet sitesi

Seçim sonuçları

İtalyan Parlamentosu
Temsilciler Meclisi
Seçim Oy % Sandalye +/- Lider
1992 3,395,384 (#4) 8.6
55 / 630
 54 Umberto Bossi
1994 3,235,248 (#5) 8.4
117 / 630
 62 Umberto Bossi
1996 3,776,354 (#4) 10.8
59 / 630
 58 Umberto Bossi
2001 1,464,301 (#6) 3.9
30 / 630
 28 Umberto Bossi
2006 1,749,632 (#6) 4.6
28 / 630
 2 Umberto Bossi
2008 3,024,758 (#3) 8.3
60 / 630
 32 Umberto Bossi
2013 1,390,156 (#5) 4.1
20 / 630
 42 Roberto Maroni
2018 5,698,687 (#3) 17.4
124 / 630
 104 Matteo Salvini
Cumhuriyet Senatosu
Seçim Oy % Sandalye +/- Lider
1992 2,732,461 (#4) 8.2
25 / 315
 24 Umberto Bossi
1994 PdL ile -
60 / 315
 35 Umberto Bossi
1996 3,394,733 (#4) 10.4
27 / 315
 33 Umberto Bossi
2001 CdL ile birlikte -
17 / 315
 10 Umberto Bossi
2006 1.530.667 (#6) 4.5
13 / 315
 13 Umberto Bossi
2008 2,644,248 (#3) 7.9
26 / 315
 13 Umberto Bossi
2013 1,328,555 (#5) 4.3
18 / 315
 8 Roberto Maroni
2018 5,321,537 (#3) 17.6
58 / 315
 40 Matteo Salvini

Avrupa Parlamentosu
Avrupa Parlamentosu
Seçim Oy % Sandalye +/- Lider
1989 636,242 (#9) 1.8
2 / 81
 - Umberto Bossi
1994 2,162,586 (#5) 6.5
6 / 87
 4 Umberto Bossi
1999 1,395,547 (#6) 4.5
4 / 87
 2 Umberto Bossi
2004 1,613,506 (#7) 5.0
4 / 78
 - Umberto Bossi
2009 3,126,915 (#3) 10.2
9 / 72
 5 Umberto Bossi
2014 1,688,197 (#4) 6.2
5 / 73
 4 Matteo Salvini
2019 9,175,208 (#1) 34.3
28 / 76
 24 Matteo Salvini

Dış bağlantılar

Kaynakça
  1. G. Passarelli – D. Tuorto, Lega & Padania. Storie e luoghi delle camicie verdi, il Mulino.
  2. Spektorowski, Alberto (Mart 2003), "Ethonregionalism: The Intellectual New Right and the Lega Nord" (PDF), The Global Review of Ethnopolitics, 2 (3-4), ss. 55-70, doi:10.1080/14718800308405144, 30 Eylül 2011 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi, erişim tarihi: 28 Ağustos 2019
  3. Huysseune, Michel (2006), Modernity and Secession: The Social Sciences and the Political Discourse of the Lega Nord in Italy, Berghahn Books, s. 192, ISBN 978-1-84545-061-8
  4. Betz, Hans-Georg (1998), "Against Rome: The Lega Nord", The New Politics of the Right, Palgrave Macmillan, s. 55, ISBN 978-0-312-21338-1
  5. Andrej Zaslove (2011). The Re-invention of the European Radical Right: Populism, Regionalism, and the Italian Lega Nord. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. s. 65. ISBN 978-0-7735-3851-1.
  6. Albertazzi, Daniele; McDonnell, Duncan; Newell, James L. (Temmuz 2011), "Di lotta e di governo: The Lega Nord and Rifondazione Comunista in office" (PDF), Party Politics, 17 (4), ss. 471-487, doi:10.1177/1354068811400523, 11 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi, erişim tarihi: 28 Ağustos 2019
  7. Cotta, Maurizio; Verzichelli, Luca (2007). Political Institutions in Italy. Oxford University Press. ss. 39-. ISBN 978-0-19-928470-2. Erişim tarihi: 16 Temmuz 2013.
  8. Fitjar, Rune Dahl (2010), The Rise of Regionalism: Causes of Regional Mobilisation in Western Europe, Routledge, s. 143, ISBN 978-0-203-87083-9
  9. Giordano, Benito (2004), "Italian regionalism or 'Padanian' nationalism - the political project of the Lega Nord in Italian politics", Regions and Regionalism in Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing, ss. 378-404, ISBN 978-1-78254-295-7
  10. Tarchi, Marco (2007), "Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord", Europe for the Europeans, Ashgate, s. 187, ISBN 978-0-7546-4851-2
  11. Patricia Chaintera-Stutte (2005). "Leadership, Ideology and Anti-European Politics in the Italian Lega Nord". Daniele Caramani; Yves Mény (Edl.). Challenges to Consensual Politics: Democracy, Identity, and Populist Protest in the Alpine Region. Peter Lang. s. 120. ISBN 978-90-5201-250-6.
  12. Gold, Thomas W. (2003), The Lega Nord and Contemporary Politics in Italy, Palgrave Macmillan
  13. Ruzza, Carlo; Fella, Stefano (2009), Re-inventing the Italian Right: Territorial politics, populism and 'post-fascism', Routledge, s. 1, ISBN 978-1-134-28634-8
  14. Alonso, Sonia (2012). Challenging the State: Devolution and the Battle for Partisan Credibility – A Comparison of Belgium, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Oxford University Press. s. 216.
  15. Art, David (2011). Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe. Cambridge University Press. ss. 216 et seqq., especially p. 226.
  16. Geddes, Andrew (2009). Il rombo dei connoni?: Immigration and the centre-right in Italy. Immigration and Integration Policy in Europe: Why Politics—and the Centre-Right—Matter. Routledge. ss. 40-41.
  17. Shin, Michael; Agnew, John (2011). Spatial Regression for Electoral Studies: The Case of the Italian Lega Nord. Revitalizing Electoral Geography. Ashgate. ss. 65-76.
  18. Zaslove, Andrej (2011). The Re-invention of the European Radical Right. passim, especially pp. 29, 119–121, 130.
  19. Verney, Susannah (2013). Euroscepticism in Southern Europe: A Diachronic Perspective. Routledge. s. 13.
  20. Zaslove, Andrej (Temmuz 2008). "Exclusion, community, and a populist political economy: the radical right as an anti-globalization movement". Comparative European Politics. 6 (2). ss. 169-189. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110126.
  21. Bull, Anna C.; Gilbert, Mark (2001). The Lega Nord and the Politics of Secession in Italy. Palgrave Macmillan.
  22. Michel Huysseune (2003). "Deconstructing and Reconstructing Loyalty: The Case of Italy". Andrew Linklater; Michael Waller (Edl.). Political Loyalty and the Nation-State. Routledge. s. 175. ISBN 978-1-134-20143-3.
  23. Jason Sorens (2012). "Appendix I". Secessionism: Identity, Interest, and Strategy. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ss. 180-181. ISBN 978-0-7735-3896-2.
  24. Patricia Chaintera-Stutte (2005). "Leadership, Ideology and Anti-European Politics in the Italian Lega Nord". Daniele Caramani; Yves Mény (Edl.). Challenges to Consensual Politics: Democracy, Identity, and Populist Protest in the Alpine Region. Peter Lang. s. 127. ISBN 978-90-5201-250-6.
  25. Zaslove, Andrej (4 Ağustos 2011). The Re-invention of the European Radical Right: Populism, Regionalism, and the Italian Lega Nord. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. ISBN 9780773586109 – Google Books vasıtasıyla.
  26. Mucci, Raffaele De (1 Ağustos 2013). Democrazia dissociativa. Rubbettino Editore. ISBN 9788849837971 – Google Books vasıtasıyla.
  27. "Blog – Breve riflessione sul liberalismo italiano". Il Fatto Quotidiano. 13 Ağustos 2013. 6 Mayıs 2019 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Ağustos 2019.
  28. "La Lega Nord ai raggi X" 28 Şubat 2018 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi..
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